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\title{\Large SUMMER SCHOOL ON CODES THEORY}
\centerline{\Huge Summer School 2008}

 {\large The Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science from the University of Bucharest (FMI UNIBUC), the   Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy (IMAR), the  Romanian Mathematical Society (SSMR) and Ovidius University Constan\c ta organize a }

\centerline{\bf \Huge  Summer school on Codes Theory}
\centerline{\large 27.07-1.08, 2008}
\centerline{\large Vatra Dornei, Romania}

Coding theory is a branch of mathematics and computer science dealing with the error-prone process of transmitting data across noisy channels, via clever means, so that a large number of errors that occur can be corrected. It also deals with the properties of codes, and thus with their fitness for a specific application.
There are two classes of codes.
Source coding (Data compression)
Channel coding (Forward error correction)
The first, source encoding, attempts to compress the data from a source in order to transmit it more efficiently. We see this practice every day on the Internet where the common "Zip" data compression is used to reduce the network load and make files smaller. The second, channel encoding adds extra data bits, commonly called redundancy bits, to make the transmission of data more robust to disturbances present on the transmission channel. The ordinary user may not be aware of many applications using channel coding. A typical music CD uses a powerful Reed-Solomon code to correct for scratches and dust. In this application the transmission channel is the CD itself. Cell phones also use powerful coding techniques to correct for the fading and noise of high frequency radio transmission. Data modems, telephone transmissions, and of course NASA all employ powerful channel coding techniques to get the bits through.

The workshop is intended for those interested in learning the background of  codes theory.
The intention of this summer school is to give a broader picture on standard codes theory methods. 



\section*{Touristic informations}


 Town in N Romania (Suceava county), situated at the confluence of rivers Dorna and Bistrita, in one of the most beautiful depressions of the Eastern Carpathians, the Tara Dornelor, elevation 802-808 m, 110 km SW of the municipality of Suceava, in the ambiance created by the forests covering the mountains around: Giumalau, Bistrita, Calimani, Rodna, Suhard and Obcina Mestecanis. 

 The origins of Vatra Dornei date from the Austrian occupation of North Moldavia (1775-1918). 37 mineral water springs were discovered here. They are to be found in villages in the surrounding area. After 1820, Vatra Dornei became increasingly popular as a health resort. In 1845, the first spa was built offering therapeutic mud treatments, one of Romania's specialties.The Austrians built the first modern installations including a casino in 1835. Vatra Dornei is an excellent center for winter sports.
 

All-season health resort of national importance having the climate of an intramontane depression: no strong winds, cool summers (July average temperature 15.2°C) and cold winters (January average under -6°C). The annual average temperature is of 5.2°C and the precipitation averages 800 mm annually (more abundant in the May-August period). 


Natural cure factors are the tonic-stimulative climate, the clean air, free of dust and allergens and rich in resinous aerosols, the springs of carbonated, ferruginous, slightly bicarbonated, sodic, calcic, magnesian, hypotonic mineral waters and the peat mud (brought here from Poiana Stampei). 



Vatra Dornei is also an ideal place for rest and leisure during holidays, with its oportunities for mountaineering and winter sports. A chair lift extending over a distance of 3,200 m connects the town to Dealul Negru (elevation 1,300 m). Tourist draws: the natural park in the resort, famed for its many squirrels and for the brass band concerts given here in summer; the chalet on Runc Hill; the Hunting and natural science museum; the Bukovina ethnographic museum, etc. 

\section*{Transportation}


The best way to get to Vatra Dornei is to take a train from Gara de Nord Bucuresti - recommended to take 1st Class. At the train station  you can buy tickets only for the same day. The Railway company website is http://www.infofer.ro/. 

\section*{Organizing committee}
\begin{itemize}
\item Catalin Gherghe

University of Bucharest

Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science 

E-mail: gherghe@gta.math.unibuc.ro

Phone 00 40  723 625 825

\item Dorin Popescu 

University of Bucharest

Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science 


E-mail: office@rms.unibuc.ro



Phones: 00 40  724729650 or 00 40 21 330 81 68

\item Nicolae Constantinescu

Conf.dr. Universitatea din Craiova

\item Nicolae Sanda (local organizer)

Phone:00 40 745329063.
\end{itemize}



\section*{ Schedule}



 We will have lectures in the morning  from 9.00 to 10.30  and from 11 to 12.30,  and some talks (if any) 
 in the afternoon. 

\subsection*{Preliminary schedule}
\begin{itemize}
\item Day 1
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\bf Error detection, correction and decoding}: General principles, Hamming distance, distance of a code. (C.Gherghe)
\item {\bf Linear codes}: Hamming weight, Generator matrix and parity-check matrix, encoding and decoding with linear codes, Syndrome decoding. (I.Anghel)
\end{enumerate}

\item Day 2
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\bf Bound in coding theory }: The main coding theory problem, Lower bounds, Gilbert-Varhamov bound, Hamming bound and perfect codes,  Singleton bound, Plotkin bound. (I.Moldovan)

\item {\bf Hamming codes }: Encoding and Decoding (C.Gherghe)

\end{enumerate}

\item Day 3
\begin{enumerate}


\item {\bf New codes from old codes}: Reed-Muller codes, Encoding and Decoding  (A.Dragulin, M.Barascu)

\item {\bf Cyclic codes} Examples,Encoding and Decoding. (G.Popescu)


\end{enumerate}

\item Day 4
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\bf Reed-Solomon codes} (V.Silviu)

\item {\bf  BCH codes} (V.Silviu)
\end{enumerate}

\item Day 5
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\bf  Interferen\c te Teoria Codurilor - Criptografie. Aplica\c tii} (N.Constantinescu)

\item {\bf Combining cryptography
with biometrics effectively
}  (B.Banu)

\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}

\section{List of participants}

\centerline{\large List of (confirmed) participants}

\vspace{1cm}

\begin{enumerate}

\item Iulia Anghel (Bucuresti)

\item Magdalena Banescu (Bucuresti)

\item Artur Balauca  (Botosani)

\item Bogdan Banu (Bucuresti)

\item Monica Cimpoiesu  (Suceava)

\item Ioan Ciobanas  (Botosani)

\item Rodica Coman  (Bistrita Nasaud)

\item Ioan Coman  (Bistrita Nasaud)

\item Mihai Comanescu (Craiova)





\item Madalina Barascu (Bucuresti)



\item Nicolae Constantinescu (Craiova)

\item Simona Constantinescu (Bucuresti)

\item Adina Dragulin  (Bucuresti)

\item Alin Galatan (Bucuresti)



\item C\u at\u alin Gherghe (Bucuresti)

\item Bogdan Ghervan (Bucuresti)

\item  Gabriel Marsanu	(Iasi)

\item Iulia Moldovan (Bucuresti)

\item Ligia Nistor (Bucuresti)

\item George-Andrei Oprina  {Institutul pentru
Tehnologii Avansate}

\item Paun Laura Mihaela (Bucuresti)

\item Marius Pop (Bucuresti)

\item Dorin Popescu  (Bucuresti)

\item George Popescu  (Bucuresti)

\item Preda Ovidiu (Bucuresti)

\item Pricopie Steluta (Bucuresti)

\item Putan Diana (Bucuresti)

\item  Octav  Rezus (Suceava)


\item Nicolae Sanda (Bistrita Nasaud)

\item Maria Sas (Bistrita Nasaud)

\item Emil Simion (Institutul pentru Tehnologii Avansate}

\item Daniela Staniloiu (Craiova)

\item Tiberiu Szocs-Mihai  {Institutul pentru
 Tehnologii Avansate}

\item Mihai  Tarca (Suceava)

\item  Teseleanu George (Bucuresti)

\item Silviu Vasile (Bucuresti)





\end{enumerate}

\section{Accommodation and Meals }

Accommodation and Meals has been arranged at hotel Silva  for the nights of 27 till 1 of August. The price in a double room is 100 RON per person including  breakfast, lunch and dinner.








\section*{Registration}

For registration please contact Catalin Gherghe at gherghe@gta.math.unibuc.ro

\section*{Bibliography}

\begin{itemize}



\item C.Gherghe and D.Popescu, {Criptografie. Coduri. Algoritmi}, Editura Universitatii din Bucuresti, 2005 (in Romanian)


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\item Eduard Asadurian (drd. Pite\c sti)

\item \c Serban B\u arc\u anescu (IMAR)


\item \c Serban Basarab (IMAR)

\item Iurie C\u ar\u a\c s (Univ. Moldova)

\item Mircea Cimpoia\c s (drd. UNIBUC )

\item Tiberiu Dumitrescu (UNIBUC)

\item Cristina Flaut  (Univ. Constan\c ta)

\item George Georgescu (UNIBUC)

\item C\u at\u alin Gherghe (UNIBUC)

\item Roxana  Iacobescu (stud. UNIBUC) %roxana$_$iacobescu@yahoo.com

\item Cristodor Ionescu (IMAR)

\item Mihai Iosif  (UNIBUC)

\item Corneliu Avram M\u anescu (drd. UNIBUC)

\item Epure Mihai (drd. UNIBUC)

\item Vlad Moraru (stud. UNIBUC)

\item Oana Olariu (stud. Ia\c si)

\item Dorin Popescu  (Univ. UNIBUC)

\item Maria Rozica Popescu  (stud. UNIBUC) %rozam20@yahoo.com

\item Florin Valentin  Soare (stud. UNIBUC) %soareflorin@yahoo.com, soareflorin@gmail.com

\item Alin \c Stefan (drd. IMAR)

\item Mircea Trifu (SSMR)

\item Silviu Vasile (UNIBUC)

\item Iuliana Elena Vlad  (stud. UNIBUC) %juliettavlad@yahoo.com


\item Marius Vladoiu (UNIBUC)




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For any person and any company keeping secrets and having security are everyday needs. A lady's secret is her age, a PC user's secret is her/his password. During this course we are not interested for that kind of secrets. Our interest is how a person's bank account smart card can be kept secret, or how the new productions plans of a company can be shared securely through an insecure network. The intention of this course of cryptography is three folded: 1) To give a broader picture on standard cryptography methods and ideas, and on the security protocols built over them. 2) To present how the security of different kind of cryptographic systems can be proved by using mathematics. 3) To enable the followers of the course for designing their own secure protocols. Some of the topics to be considered are the RSA public-key cryptosystem, hash functions, signature schemes, identification protocols etc. An overview of mathematics needed for this course will be given as well. 


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Cryptography - literally, "hidden writing," from the Greek - is probably as old as writing itself. Whether it is a crucial military dispatch or a secret love letter, people have been attempting to hide their private messages from prying eyes throughout history. 


Since the revolution in computing and communication technology a few decades ago, we have been sending more information across unprotected channels - such as mobile phones and internet lines - and storing more data without proper protection from unauthorized intrusion than ever before. Alas, there is a price: virus-infected computers, defaced web sites, and credit card numbers stolen over the internet, to name just a few.


Why are we unable to solve the problem of secure communication? Or are we? This lecture will give a whirlwind tour of cryptography from ancient and not so ancient times to the present. We will look at old and new challenges in cryptography and see how modern technology has revolutionized the field.

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Accommodation


 Accommodation has been arranged at hotel Finnhostel and hotel Karelia-Park for the nights of 13th till 17th of August. The price in a double room is either 160 FIM per person (hotel Finnhostel) or 120 FIM per person (hotel Karelia-Park). Both choices include breakfast. The accommodation will be paid for ECSE students only. Other participants are responsible for their accommodation expenses. 


Meals


 Breakfast is served at the hotel, and lunch can be eaten at the university cafe. For dinner, there are several restaurants at the center of the city. The summer school dinner on Thursday evening costs 120 FIM per person. Participants are responsible for the expenses of any meals. 


 The topics of the summer school range from the basic ideas of discrete logarithm based cryptography and finite field arithmetic to side-channel attacks and advanced topics such as point counting. During the week of lectures the participants get a full tour through most of the exciting background on elliptic curves presented by first rank speakers.

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\section*{Transportation}


The best way to get to Vatra Dornei is to take a train from Gara de Nord Bucuresti - recommended to take 1st Class. At the train station  you can buy tickets only for the same day. The Railway company website is http://www.infofer.ro/. 


